Ethical publication norms ensure public trust in scientific discoveries, uphold the quality of scientific publications, and appropriately credit the originators of ideas. NOVALEX PRESS, as a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), adheres to its Best Practice Guidelines and complies with its Code of Conduct.

All submitted manuscripts undergo a single-blind peer-review process to ensure a fair evaluation. The procedure incorporates strict safeguards to prevent

• Plagiarism • Multiple submissions • Duplicate manuscripts • Falsification and fabrication of data

All submitted manuscripts undergo a single-blind peer-review process to ensure a fair evaluation procedure. Stringent precautions are implemented throughout the process. Original manuscripts are highly recommended and should represent the sole contribution of the authors. The submitted material contains no instances of whole or partial plagiarism from previously published works. It has not been published by any other journal nor is it under consideration for review by any. Manuscripts that contravene the specified guidelines will be immediately rejected, and authors will be prohibited from submitting further work to any NOVALEX PRESS journals for a duration of twelve months, regardless of collaboration with other authors on the original submission. The requirement will be conveyed to the editorial boards of all publications issued by NOVALEX PRESS. Repeated violations by an author will result in a permanent prohibition from submitting work to any NOVALEX PRESS journals.

NOVALEX PRESS advises authors to disclose any instances of duplication and demonstrate that their submitted manuscript offers significant improvements over the original article through precise citations. In cases of suspected duplication or substantial overlap, we adhere to the recommendations set forth by COPE and ICMJE for managing the submitted manuscript.

It is essential to address the ethical permissions related to sample collection, human trials with consent, and animal experiments. Furthermore, maintain transparency by recognizing conflicting interests and disclosing any benefits received from individuals involved in the preparation of the article or financing of the study.

The Editors-in-Chief can be promptly notified to rectify any discrepancies from the stated policies.